Canine anxiety

Canine anxiety is a broad term for excessive or persistent fear and apprehension in dogs that goes beyond a normal, short-lived reaction to something startling.

It takes several recognized forms, including separation anxiety, noise sensitivity to thunder or fireworks, fear of strangers or other dogs, and generalized anxiety with no clear trigger. Signs include trembling, panting, pacing, excessive barking or whining, destructive chewing, house soiling, hiding and, in some dogs, aggression. Genetics, early socialization, past trauma and medical pain can all contribute.

A veterinarian first rules out illness or pain that can look like anxiety, then uses history and behavior questionnaires, sometimes referring to a veterinary behaviorist. Established management combines environmental changes, behavior modification and, when indicated, prescription medication. Cannabidiol has been evaluated in dogs across several stressors, and the evidence is still incomplete and varies by situation, so decisions about an anxious dog's care belong with a veterinarian.