Gingivitis

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums, usually caused by the buildup of plaque along the gumline, and it is the earliest and reversible stage of gum disease.

Signs include red, swollen or tender gums that bleed during brushing or flossing, along with bad breath, though it is often painless and easy to overlook. Contributing factors are inadequate oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, hormonal changes during pregnancy, certain medications and nutritional deficiencies. If untreated it can progress to periodontitis, in which the supporting bone and tissue break down and teeth may loosen.

A dentist or hygienist diagnoses gingivitis by examining the gums, measuring pocket depths around teeth and sometimes taking X-rays to check bone. Professional cleaning and consistent daily brushing and flossing reverse it in most cases. Cannabidiol has been evaluated in small clinical trials as an adjunct to standard gum care, and the evidence is preliminary.