Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue resembling the lining of the uterus grows outside it, most often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvic lining.

This tissue responds to hormonal cycles, causing inflammation, scarring and adhesions. Symptoms include severe menstrual cramps, chronic pelvic pain, pain with intercourse or bowel movements, heavy periods, fatigue and difficulty conceiving, though the extent of visible disease does not always match symptom severity. It affects a substantial share of women of reproductive age, and diagnosis is often delayed by years.

Evaluation includes a symptom history, pelvic examination and imaging; laparoscopy with biopsy remains the definitive way to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options are hormonal therapies, pain management and surgery. Research on the endocannabinoid system in endometriosis exists, but direct clinical evidence for cannabidiol in the condition is not established.