Canine OA

Canine osteoarthritis is a progressive, degenerative joint disease in dogs in which cartilage breaks down, causing chronic pain, stiffness and reduced mobility.

It is among the most common causes of chronic pain in dogs, particularly in older, large-breed and overweight animals and those with developmental problems such as hip or elbow dysplasia or prior joint injury. Owners often notice reluctance to jump or climb stairs, slowness after rest, limping, muscle loss in the hindquarters, irritability when touched and changes in sleep. Because dogs tend to hide pain, signs may be subtle at first.

Veterinarians diagnose the condition with an orthopedic examination and radiographs, supported by validated owner questionnaires that track pain and activity over time. Multimodal management typically includes weight control, controlled exercise, physical rehabilitation and prescription anti-inflammatory or pain medication. Several small controlled studies have examined cannabidiol in dogs with osteoarthritis and reported changes in pain and mobility scores, but formulations and results vary and no veterinary approval exists.